1021
PŘEHLEDOVÉ3695200011151111167232285340403465523580
ČLÁNKY4301200011154107169233293349
/4675200011133
REVIEW4733200011157113173207263347
ARTICLES5105200011158120175208264317372423
Left25103200973878103132
atrium2659320097396692112156223
and28993200973984130
atrial3046320097386592111150170
fibrillation3233320097214287115134153173212238257302347
in35973200971964
critically3678320097366282109128165204224243281
ill3976320097193858
patients:40503200974686112131172218244277294
from4361320097235195163
echocardiography45413200974077122166204243270315335379425452492538583620
to51783200972770
therapy52653200972772113140179225263
|5584190011126
31565419001114381
/24458040010732
Anest25228040010752100145178207
intenziv274980400107196794136184221240282
Med.30508040010770115165181
2026;37(1):28-353250804001074487129171186230271291331348363407450478519560
/38558040010732
ANESTEZIOLOGIE39538040010752111155199245290341361424467526585606650
A46248040010753
INTENZIVNÍ4699804001071978123168226276296344405425
MEDICÍNA51468040010770114173194248268327381
www.aimjournal.cz4258040010765133201214257275349367415463490539579598614654693
gests56562001074993128157192
elevated77562001074464108149191219262312
systolic110562001073475109139186206225266
PAP;138862001074693139154
in156062001071967
the164562001072876121
absence178462001074191125169218259302
of210462001074772
precapillary219462001074977120162204254273293312353379423
pulmonary26356200107499811819124056576001074888114157
hypertension73876001074886136180207237279327360378425473
(e.g.,12287600107236479127143159
pulmonary140376001074997116188236284325351393
embolism,1813760010743116165213233251283356371
COPD,2201760010751107153209222
or244076001074774
ARDS),253076001075297155196219233
this27797600107287694126
finding5659000107234390139158205254
–836900010744
in89790001071866
conjunction97990001074086134153200247287317336383432
with142790001076484111159
other160390001074774122166192
echocardiographic181290001074383131179220261287335353401450476517566615633673
parameters250290001074990116157230274301343370403
(reduced56510400107245095147196238283335
e’928104001074562
velocity,1018104001074287108158201221250295307
elevated1354104001074465111153197225270322
E/e’1704104001074379120138
ratio,187010400107277099119169185
and2083104001074292144
increased2255104001071969111139184226261307359
LAVi)2642104001074299142164189
–28591040010746
supports565118001073484135188239268301337
the931118001072979125
presence1085118001075180125160207257300344
of1458118001074975
elevated1561118001074566112155198227272324
left‑sided191411800107196591124150186205257303355
filling22981180010724456686105156207
pressures.2534118001075179125160195245273318353371
In565132001071969
patients663132001075094122142188238266303
with994132001076687116166
precapillary1189132001075079123166210261282302321364391436
aetiology,1653132001074288117137187208258310352365
elevated2046132001074566111154197225270322
PAP2396132001074695142
does25661320010750100147182
not2777132001074999128
imply565146001071992142162203
increased785146001071967108135178218252297347
LV1149146001074181
filling12481460010723446382100149198
pressure1464146001074977120154187235262305
and1786146001074189139
should1943146001073381130178198247
be2208146001074994
interpreted232014600107196794137164214242285313356406
with2744146001076584113161
caution565160001074082130159178226275
[17].8611600010926691091379961600010716
Tissue42518800107426396129176220
Doppler6651880010758107157207227271297
Imaging982188001071992133182201249298
(TDI)1300188001072469129148172
of1491188001074872
the1583188001072876120
Mitral1723188001077089117144185204
Annulus19471880010753101149196215263296
„4252020010067
e’565202001074460
septal644202001073478128155197216
>8792020010754
69532020010744
cm/s,10122020010740114147177193
e’1225202001074460
lateral130420200107196087130156198217
>15402020010754
716142020010744
cm/s16732020010740114147177
(approximately).1870202001072462112162189236274293366407434477496536559572
„4252160010067
E/e’565216001074276116132
is717216001071851
used788216001074881125175
to983216001072774
estimate1077216001074377106125198239266309
LV1405216001074181
filling1506216001072443628199147196
pressures.1722216001075077120153187234260303337353
„4252300010067
E/e’565230001074276116132
<7222300010754
88012300010744
suggests871230001073380130179223257286321
normal1217230001074897124198239258
LAP,1500230001074095140145
whereas16702300010765114158185228268301
E/e’1996230001074277116132
>21542300010753
142233230001074483
in2341230001071967
sinus2433230001073452100147180
rhythm2638230001072776114145194267
indicates565244001071967116135175216244286320
elevated904244001074362106147189216258308
LAP;1231244001074095140155
E/A1405244001074276123
>15472440010754
216192440010744
typically1682244001072870121140180222241259299
indicates2000244001071967116135175217244286320
restrictive2339244001072669103132159178218248267308351
filling2709244001072444628199147196
with565258001076584112161
high745258001074867116164
filling929258001072343628099147196
pressures1145258001074976119153186233260303336
[17].150125800109266910813516352580010716
Left425286001074083107139
Atrial583286001075379106125166185
Emptying7872860010742115165193235255303352
Fraction1159286001074166107148178197245294
(LAEF)1472286001072464119161202226
„4253000010067
LAEF565300001074094135175
[%]756300001072489109
=8813000010753
(LAV_max950300001072463117158199274314353
–13193000010744
LAV_min)1379300001074094135176251269316337
/17323000010731
LAV_max1779300001074094135176250290330
×21243000010754
100;2193300001074483128143
reference235230000107266891134160202250289331
range2699300001072667114163206
≈5653140010753
48–71%633314001074388133172212271
[23].92031400109257011513710553140010715
Interpretation108631400107196591133158207233275302342369387433481
is1582314001071951
most16483140010773120152181
reliable184431400107266886104143192210253
in2113314001071865
sinus219331400107345198144176
rhythm2384314001072674111142189261
(ideally266031400107234189132171189207246
1–4565328001074485132
hours717328001074896144171205
post‑cardioversion).942328001074999132161185228270296344363411451494521555573621670691704
Classification4253530013867100154202249283319351402456495530585648
of1094353001385592
LV12073530013861123
diastolic1351353001386095150198239297328363413
dysfunction17843530013861114161199264329379421455510573
Assessment425370001075388121165199232306350398425
of873370001074872
diastolic968370001074968108142171217237255295
function1287370001072372120161191210258307
is1617370001071951
an1692370001074189
integral180437000107196794136186213254273
part2100370001075092118149
of2272370001074872
TTE2368370001074189132
in2523370001071967
critically261337000107406786114133173215234252292
ill42538400107193857
patients509384001075092120139184233260296
with831384001076686114163
NOAF.10213840010758120171213221
Based1268384001074689123167218
on1513384001074998
the1638384001072877122
combination1787384001074087163213233281323350369418468
of2281384001074973
parameters2381384001075093119162236281310353380415
(E,282238400107256783
E/A,425398001074277124142
E/e’,594398001074276116133142
LAVi,763398001074196138159175
TR964398001074290
Vmax),10803980010746119160201225239
diastolic1345398001075068109143172219239258298
dysfunction1670398001074990124150199247288319338387436
can2132398001074183131
be2290398001075095
classified2412398001074059100134167186210230274325
into276439800107196794141
three425412001072876102145190
grades634412001074975117166210244
(see897412001072456100145
Tab.1061412001094583134152
1)1231412001094712724120010724
[17].131441200109266910813514474120010716
Loss1481412001074188122155
of1655412001074872
atrial174541200107416895114155174
contribution1937412001074187136163189209258306335353401450
in2406412001071967
NOAF24914120010758119169211
most27204120010774123156185
significantly42542600107335199147165188207247288335361380419
reduces860426001072668118164204246279
stroke115542600107336188134172214
volume1385426001074087106153225269
in1670426001071865
patients1751426001074990117135178226252286
with2053426001076483111158
impaired2227426001071991140180199224267316
relaxation255942600107266887127166206233251298346
and425440001074189138
pseudonormalisation,579440001075083127175224272321369396470510529548580622649668715764779
wherein13754400010765113157183226245292
LV1684440001074081
filling1781440001072443628099146196
is1993440001071951
significantly2061440001073352100148167191210250292340366385425
dependent2503440001074892142187235284328376402
on425454001074898
active550454001074183114133175219
left79645400107196488120
atrial94345400107416997116157177
function1147454001072473122164195214263312
[24].148645400109267311714216264540010716
In1669454001071968
patients1764454001075093120140184233261296
with2087454001076686114163
sepsis2277454001073479130164183216
and2520454001074190141
septic2688454001073479129157177218
shock,425468001073481130171209227
diastolic670468001074968108142171217237255296
dysfunction984468001074989123148197245286316335383432
and1434468001074189138
left159146800107196387118
atrial172846800107416894114154173
remodelling1920468001072669143191241285305323342389439
are2377468001074168110
considered2506468001074087135168187236280306349399
as425482001074174
part526482001075092118149
of702482001074872
the800482001072877121
arrhythmogenic94848200107416795144182214262336385435479528546587
substrate1561482001073481131165194221263290333
for192048200107247299
NOAF,20454820010758119170211218
but2289482001075099127
a24434820010741
clear2510482001074059104144170
semi­2707482001073478152171198
‑quantitative425496001072778126166214241260288329357375416460
or903496001074875
quantitative996496001074996137185212231259300327346387430
risk144549600107264678116
score1579496001073474121148191
based1788496001075091125169219
on2025496001074897
these2140496001072876120154198
parameters2356496001075092118160233278305348374409
has2783496001074889122
not425510001074897124
yet569510001073983110
been699510001075095139188
validated.906510001074183102120169210237279329346
Echocardiographic425534001537313220627032939345552756863469775882289196410061064
predictors15125340015369129190262303361415481541595
of21305340015364112
NOAF22655340015380164246321
–26095340015355
overview4255480015364127186247313355415508
of9565480015364113
clinical1091548001535797138214255313377419
studies15335480015351104176246287347401
In425566001071967
the513566001072876120
prospective654566001075077124157207252293323342383426
study1101566001073463111160200
by1322566001075089
Makrygiannis14325660010770111149177220269288328376424443475
et1928566001074472
al.202156600107416075
involving2117566001071967106154174215234282331
1332469566001074482123
critically261356600107406786114133173215233252292
ill42558000107193856
patients,504580001074991118137181229256290306
an833580001074189
association944580001074174108156197216256283302350399
was13655800010765106140
demonstrated1527580001074993167215264297326353394421464514
between2063580001075095123190234279327
the2412580001072876120
incidence2555580001071967107126175219267308350
of425594001074872
NOAF5195940010758119169210
and752594001074189138
echocardiographic913594001074385133181222264290338357405455481523573621640680
findings161659400107234391140159207256289
on1928594001074796
TTE:2047594001074188132148
severe2217594001073478119162188231
systolic2471594001073475109138184204222262
dysfunction2756594001074989123425608001072473121161191210258307
with754608001076584112160
left93660800107196387118
ventricular1076608001074184132159186205245293312353379
ejection1477608001074462106147178196244293
fraction179260800107245193133164183231279
(LVEF)2093608001072464104147188213
<23286080010754
35%,2404608001074485149166
left259260800107196387118
atrial273260800107416895114154173
dilatation,42562200107496886127154195222241289338353
and798622001074189138
diastolic956622001074968108141170217237255295
dysfunction1271622001074989123148197245286316335383431
[25].172262200109267211814318636220010716
In318762001071967
the327462001072876120
study341462001073463111160201
by363562001074989
Lancini374462001074082130171190237256
et402062001074472
al.,4112620010741597591
conducted422362001074087135185232273303345396
in463962001071866
intensive47256200107196794136185218236277320
care506562001074082108151
patients523662001075091119137181229256291
(31%304776001072465103163
with322576001076483110158
sepsis),339876001073377125158176208228241
the365576001072774118
authors378876001074187115162209236269
analysed407376001074087127145184217261310
the439876001072875118
relationship45327600107266887126153171218266298345363411
between495976001074993120186228272319
"NOAF529476001072784143193233
burden",304790001074997124171215263288299
defined336290001074993116136183227277
as365590001074174
the374690001072775119
ratio38829000107266794113161
of405990001074872
NOAF4147900010757118168209
duration437290001074996122164191209257305
to469490001072874
total478490001072874101142161
ECG496290001074292145
monitoring5123900010774122170189216263289308356405
time,3047104001072847120165179
and3253104001074189138
clinical,341810400107405977126144185226245260
laboratory,3705104001071960109159186227255301328372383
and4115104001074189138
echocardiographic4280104001074485133182223265291339358406457483525574623642682
parameters.4989104001075091118160233278306348375409426
Of5441104001076187
all304711800107416078
echocardiographic3143118001074385133181222264290338357405455481523573621640680
indicators,3840118001071967117135175217244291318352368
left422511800107196387118
atrial436111800107416894114154173
area4551118001074168111151
(LAA)4719118001072464119173197
was49331180010765107140
an5090118001074189
independent51961180010719671161612102553033047132001074993141168
predictor3235132001075077120170189229259306333
of3588132001074872
a36801320010741
higher3741132001074867116164208235
NOAF39961320010757118169210
burden;4226132001075098125173217265279
patients4526132001074991118137181229256290
with4837132001076584112160
a50171320010741
high5079132001074866115163
burden5263132001074998124172216264
had3047146001074889138
larger320814600107196086135179205
LAA3436146001074095150
(24.43609146001072467107122165
±37981460010753
6.83874146001074460106
cm²)39961460010740113140166
than4185146001072876117165
those4373146001072876124158202
with4598146001076584112161
a47821460010740
low4845146001072068133
burden5001146001074998124172216264
(21.35288146001072467107118163
±54741460010753
5.53047160001074458102
cm²;31641600010740113139155
p33351600010749
=34011600010753
0.001).3470160001074459103148187205217
The3704160001074190134
median38541600010774117167185225273
NOAF41431600010757117167208
burden4367160001075098124171215262
was46461600010764105138
7%48001600010744109
of4926160001074771
the5013160001072875119
time5148160001072847119163
spent5327160001073482127174201
in3047174001071967
intensive313317400107196794136185218236277320
care3473174001074081108151
(IQR3643174001072443104150
2.1–24.8%)381217400107445998139179219234280346368
[26].419917400109267211614143391740010716
In3187188001071965
the3265188001072874117
prospective3395188001074975120152199242282311329368410
randomised3818188001072666112160206278296327369418
controlled4249188001074084131157182227246263306354
PRASE4616188001074587140181220
study4850188001073360106154193
(Propafenone505618800107246791137185225247289335382429471
versus3047202001074083110144190223
Amiodarone32862020010753126144192242282308355403447
in3749202001071966
Supraventricular3832202001074188137164205244287335362388407447495513553580
Arrhythmias4428202001075279106154192223271344362402435
in4879202001071967
Septic4962202001074285135162181221
Shock)5199202001074189137178215240
of5455202001074872
new‑onset3047216001074891154181231278310353380
atrial344321600107406793111150169
fibrillation362721600107244391117136154172211238256303350
in3993216001071865
patients4074216001074989116134176223250283
with4373216001076483110157
LVEF4546216001073979121161
≥47232160010752
35%,4791216001074384147163
in4969216001071966
the5050216001072875118
subgroup5184216001073379127176202248295343
of3047230001074771
patients3134230001074990117135179226252287
with3437230001076483111158
dilated361123000107496785125152194243
left387023000107196386117
atrium400323000107416793112159232
(LAVi4251230001072363117158178
≥44452300010753
404514230001074489
ml/m²),4618230001077392123194220246259
amiodarone48932300010740113131179228268294340388432
treatment53412300010728549613616230472440010774118166193
was32612440010765106140
more34222440010773122149192
effective,363524400107446795138179210229270313327
whilst39832440010765114133151184213
in4217244001071967
those4305244001072776124158202
with4528244001076584112160
non‑dilated4709244001074997146174225244263303330373423
left515324400107196387118
atrium529224400107416895114162235
(LAVi3047258001072465121164185
<32592580010754
403340258001074591
ml/m²),3448258001077595128200228254268
propafenone3743258001075179127178220244289338388437482
was42522580010766109143
more44222580010775124152196
effective464525800107446997141183214234276320
(p4992258001072475
=50952580010754
0.01)5176258001074561106147165
[27].536725800109267311814655122580010716
Post‑hoc3047272001074590123152176224272312
analysis3375272001074188128147186219237269
further366027200107247298128176219245
showed3921272001073380128192235284
that,4221272001072875115142157
in4394272001071966
patients4476272001074990117135178226252286
with4778272001076583111159
LAVi4953272001073994135155
<51242720010753
405193272001074388
ml/m²,5296272001077391123193219231
propafenone3047286001074976122172213236279327374422466
led3529286001071963112
to3657286001072874
faster374728600107236598126168194
cardioversion3957286001074081107155173220260303329363381428476
than4449286001072875116163
amiodarone46282860010741114132179229269295341389433
(3.6507728600107246681125
hours5218286001074895143169203
vs.543728600107407490
8.53047300001074460104
hours,3167300001074795143169202218
p34013000010749
=34663000010753
0.009)3535300001074459103148191213
and3764300001074188137
to3917300001072873
fewer4007300001072366130173199
recurrences4222300001072668109156182209251298338380413
(50%4651300001072466108174
vs.484230000107407389
76.8%,494830000107438398143209225
p51893000010749
=52543000010754
0.001)5324300001074358102147186203
[28].304731400109257111513931843140010716
Conversely,3215314001075197145184226252286329348387399
in3630314001071865
patients3711314001074990117135178226252286
with4013314001076483111158
LAVi4187314001074094135155
≥43583140010753
404427314001074489
ml/m²,4530314001077392123194220232
amiodarone47783140010740113131178227267293339387431
administration5225314001074089161179226245277304732800107275394120138185232
was32953280010764104136
more34473280010772119146187
effective,365032800107436692134175204222262304318
with3983328001076483110157
a41553280010741
shorter4211328001073380127153183224250
time4476328001072846117161
to4652328001072773
cardioversion4740328001074080106153170217256298324357375422469
(median:5224328001072494137185203242289303
66.53047342001074489105150
hours,3218342001074896145171205221
IQR3460342001071980126
14.0–121.0360634200107448399143191230267307318362
hours)3989342001074897145171205227
compared4236342001074187161211252279322372
to4629342001072774
propafenone4724342001074976123174215239282330379427472
(median:5216342001072495140190208249297312
1713047356001074480120
hours,3183356001074896143169203218
IQR3418356001071878124
62.8–235.03558356001074385100145191230273314328372
hours,3946356001074896143169203218
p41803560010750
=42463560010753
0.023).4315356001074459102143186207220
In4551356001071966
patients4633356001074990117136179226253287
with4936356001076483111158
non‑dilated5111356001074795143171222240258298325367416
left304737000107196386117
atrium,318137000107406794113160233248
propafenone3445370001075076123173214237280328376425468
treatment393037000107275496136163237280328355
was43013700010765106139
associated4456370001074174107155196214254281323373
with4845370001076584111159
better5021370001074994121152194220
survival5257370001073480106150169210251270
(HR3047384001072480125
0.6;3197384001074460104119
95%3341384001074487152
CI3518384001075169
0.4–0.9;3612384001074460103150197213255271
p39083840010749
=39823840010754
0.014),4061384001074459104143182204218
and4304384001074088138
this446738400107287694127
effect461938400107446895138180210
persisted4854384001075095121155174206235278328
for520738400107237198
up5330384001074897
to5452384001072875
one3047398001074897141
year3207398001074083123150
(HR3377398001072380125
0.55;3522398001074459104144157
95%3699398001074487151
CI3870398001075170
0.35–0.86;3959398001074460105146192239255300345360
p43383980010750
=44083980010753
0.008).4481398001074459104149194217230
Left3187412001074082105136
atrial333841200107416793112151169
two‑dimensional3523412001072794140169219237309352399432449496544584602
parameters,4141412001074989115156228271298340365399414
specifically4571412001073381125166183207226265306324342381
LAVi4968412001074093134154
<51384120010753
405206412001074488
ml/m²5309412001077391122193218
and3047426001074189138
LA3206426001074095
ESD3321426001074285142
≤34834260010754
453558426001074385
mm,36584260010774148163
were38424260010765108135178
shown4040426001073481130195243
in4304426001071966
an4391426001074189
exploratory4500426001074484134153202228270297344371414
sub‑study4934426001073481130160194223271320360
of5315426001074872
the5407426001072876120
PRASE3047440001074589144187228
trial329344000107285574114133
as3445440001074174
possible3538440001075099132166184233253297
parameters3854440001074991117159233277305347374408
for428144000107237198
a43974400010741
decision4457440001074993134153186204252301
between4776440001075095123190234278327
the5121440001072876121
rhythm5260440001072776114145193267
and3047454001074189138
rate320745400107266895137
control3366454001074087135162189236255
strategies364345400107336289131158200250269313347
in4011454001071967
patients4099454001075091118137181229256291
with4411454001076584112161
NOAF.45934540010757118169210217
By4832454001074586
contrast,4939454001074087135162189230264293309
LA5269454001074195
ESD5386454001074284141
>30474680010754
463117468001074489
mm32224680010774147
was33854680010765107140
a35414680010741
weak35994680010765108148186
predictor3801468001075077119169188228258305332
of4149468001074872
multiple42374680010774121140168187236256299
NOAF45534680010757118168210
recurrences4779468001072769111158184211254302343385419
after521446800107416496138164
cardioversion.53954680010740811083047482001074866113153195221254272318366382
Given3444482001075674114156204
their3663482001072875118136162
preload3840482001074976118136183224272
dependence,4128482001074891140184231279322369409450464
LAVi4608482001074094135154
and4778482001074087136
LA4929482001074094
ESD5038482001074284139
represent5193482001072668117143185218261308334
static3047496001073361101127145185
parameters3247496001074989115155227270297338364397
that3660496001072774113140
have3815496001074787126168
a39984960010740
lower4054496001071865129171196
predictive4266496001074975117165183222252270310352
ability4633496001074088107125142169211
for485949600107247096
SR4970496001074184
maintenance50704960010772112130176202244290330377416457
compared3047510001074189166217260288332384
to3459510001072877
functional3563510001072575125167199218268319361381
indicators3971510001072069120140182225253301330365
(AVTI4364510001072478122171192
and4584510001074191142
LAEF).4754510001074198142184210224
AVTI5006510001075497146167
>52015100010755
6.85284510001074562109
cm54105100010741117
(AUC3047524001072476130181
0.653251524001074459104147
and3421524001074189138
p35825240010750
=36555240010753
0.001)3732524001074359103149189206
and3961524001074189139
LAEF4123524001074095137178
>43245240010753
38.4%4400524001074488104148212
(AUC4635524001072476130182
0.694840524001074459104146
and5009524001074189139
p51715240010749
<52435240010754
0.001)5320524001074459104149189207
at3047538001074168
431385380010743
hours3204538001074897145171206
post‑cardioversion3432538001075099132161186229270296345363411451495521555574622670
significantly4125538001073352101149167191211251293341368387427
predicted4574538001075077120170189229259302352
SR4948538001074286
maintenance50575380010774114133181208250299339387428470
and3047552001074189138
can3207552001074082130
assist3358552001074174108126159188
in3567552001071967
the3656552001072776120
decision3797552001074993135153186204252301
on4119552001074897
therapeutic4238552001072776120146188237282330358377417
strategy467755200107336289131158200251291
[20].498955200109267211714151295520010716
Therefore,5166552001074292136163205229277304347361
in3047566001071966
critically312956600107406684112130170211229247287
ill343256600107183755
patients3503566001074990116135178225252286
with3805566001076483110158
NOAF,39795660010757117167207213
functional4209566001072371118158188206254302342360
echocardiographic4585566001074384131179219260286333352399448474515564612630669
parameters52715660010749901161562293047580001074471114140175
(AVTI3246580001072476118165186
and3456580001074189139
LAEF)3619580001074196137178203
should3847580001073381130178197246
be4117580001075095
considered4237580001074086135168186236280306349399
in4661580001071966
final475258000107244391132151
decision‑making4928580001074993134152185203251300328403444482502550599
over3047594001074888131157
static3221594001073362103130149189
morphological34265940010774122149199248296316364413432472513532
dimensions3975594001074867140184232265283331379412
(LA4404594001072363118
ESD,4538594001074285141154
LAA,4709594001074095149167
and4892594001074189138
LAVi).5046594001074195137157181194
The5256594001074292136
parameters54085940010750913047608001072668141185213255281315
indicating3379608001071866115134174215242260308357
a37526080010741
potentially3810608001074998125167215242260300319338377
more42046080010773122148191
aggressive4411608001074190139165208242275293334377
approach4804608001074190140166213255295343
to5163608001072874
achieve5254608001074081128147190231274
rhythm3047622001072775114145193267
control3333622001074187136163189236256
in3609622001071966
NOAF36956220010758118169210
treatment392562200107285598138165239283331358
are4303622001074167110
summarised4433622001073380154227268294314346391441
in4893622001071967
Tab.4980622001094583134152
2.5151622001094751976220010716
Tab.4256510012561110164190
1.631651001255478
Diastolic754652001075675120150177220239257294
dysfunction1065652001074582113136182229266293311357403
(assessed148465200107246797127165196226264309
in1809652001071965
sinus189065200107314894139169
rhythm2075652001072672108136182253
without2344652001076381107153198244269
significant263065200107314893139157180199236280326351
valvular2997652001073882100139184203248273
disease,328765200107456393130175205243258
in3562652001071864
an3642652001074692
euvolaemic3750652001073884122166185230268339358395
patient4161652001074591117135173219244
without4422652001076280106152197243269
vasoparalysis)4707652001073881111156202247273316334371402419449469
Diastolic45666600985576118152181226248269306
dysfunction77866600984788122148195242278309330376422
Echocardiographic133466600984177124170207249278325347392439469510558604626662
parameters201366600984788117159227270299340370405
LA300666600983993
anatomy311566600984187129157203271311
LAP405566600983993138
(approximate420966600982464111159188234274295364405434475
mean4701666009868110151198
pressure491566600984777119153187233262304
values)523666600984082103149191226248
Grade45767800955074112156195
1670678009539
/726678009529
Impaired45768800951783127164181205243288
relaxation7636880095236279116152189213230273317
e’133467800953953
reduced140567800952462107149186224269
(septal16916780095215090134159196214
≤1922678009548
61987678009539
cm/s2044678009536101131158
or222067800954267
lateral23046780095175478116140177195
≤2516678009548
72581678009539
cm/s);2638678009536101131158177190
E/A133468800953768110
<1462688009547
0.8;15276880095395394107
E/e’165268800953768103118
<1788688009547
14;18536880095397487
TR195768800953880
Vmax2054688009541106142178
<2249688009548
2.823156880095395393
m/s242668800956595122
LAVi300767800953685123141
<3166678009547
34323167800953979
ml/m²332767800956683112176200
LAP405567800953685125
at419867800953661
rest42766780095246293119
normal441267800954386111177214231
≤4661678009547
15472667800953973
mmHg4816678009566131182227
Grade45770000955074112156195
2670700009539
/726700009529
Pseudonormalisation45771000954070109152196240283327351417454471488517555579596640683
e’133470000953953
reduced;140570000952462107149186224269282
E/A170570000953768110
0.8–2.0;18327000095395394136172186225240
E/e’208970000953868104119
≥2225700009548
14229070000953974
and/or238270000953679124153192217
TR261670000953879
Vmax2713700009541105142178
≥1334710009548
2.813997100095395394
m/s151071000956695123
(PASP165071000952162104143182
≥1849710009548
35191571000953976
mmHg)2009710009565131182226247
LA300770000953685
enlarged310970000953982100136160203243287
(LAVi341470000952157106144162
≥3594700009547
34365970000953979
ml/m²)375570000956683112176200223
Mildly40567000095627996140158193
to426770000952567
moderately4351700009566109154193217255279317335371
elevated47397000095395796132170194232277
LAP503470000953685125
16–25405571000953974117153192
mmHg4265710009565131182226
Grade45772200955074112156195
3670722009539
/726722009529
Restrictive45773200954080110136161178214241259295334
pattern80973200954481106133171195239
e’133472200953953
reduced;140572200952462107149186224269282
E/A170572200953768110
>1832722009548
2;189872200953952
DT196872200955288
<2073722009548
150213972200953972111
ms;226872200956595108
E/e’239472200953768104118
≥2530722009547
14259572200953974
and/or268772200953679123153192216
TR133473200953779
Vmax1431732009540105142177
≥1626732009548
2.816917320095395394
m/s180273200956695123
LA300772200953685
markedly3109722009566103126161200244262298
enlarged34247220095398299136159203242287
Significantly40557220095375498141157179197233270313338355391
elevated44637220095395796133170194233277
filling475872200952139567389132177
pressures;495272200954469107137167210233272302316
restrictive40557320095246292119143160196224241278316
profile;438973200954468110132150167207220
LAP462773200953585125
often47697320095436593131174
exceeding496173200953974110148188233250292337
25405574200953979
mmHg4151742009566131182226
Legend:45775400953366107141183223236
LA70975400953378
–803754009540
left859754009516507198
atrium;9727540095406487103144208221
LAP120875400953379117
–1340754009540
left1396754009517517298
atrial15097540095416487104144161
pressure;16857540095406497125152192215248262
E1963754009535
–2014754009540
early20697540095347598114148
diastolic22327540095405797124148187204221254
filling250275400952037547087128169
wave268675400955695130163
from28647540095214584148
pulsed-wave30287540095408198124158199223279319353387
Doppler;343075400955092133174191225248263
A3709754009543
–3767754009540
late38237540095175780113
diastolic39527540095405797124148187204220254
atrial42217540095416487104144160
contraction439775400953372114137160198232256273313355
wave476875400955595129162
from49467540095204483147
pulsed-wave51097540095408198124158199223280320354387
Doppler;45776400955091132173190225248263
E/A73176400953664103
–846764009540
ratio8987640095226184100141
of105176400954060
E1123764009535
and117076400954082122
A1304764009543
waves;135976400955595129162190203
e’157476400953447
–1633764009540
wave168576400955595129162
measured185976400956498138166205228261302
from21737640095204483147
tissue2332764009523406693133167
Doppler251176400955091132173190224248
at277076400954064
the28467640095236498
mitral295676400956480103126165181
annulus;314976400954082123163180221247261
E/e’34217640095366494108
–3540764009540
ratio35927640095236185101142
of374576400954061
E3818764009535
and386576400954081122
e’399976400953347
waves;405876400955595129162190203
LAVi427376400953379116133
–4418764009540
left4469764009517517298
atrial45797640095406386103143160
volume47507640095347491131195229
index;49917640095165898133167182
TR518476400953675
Vmax5271764009540101142175
–5458764009540
maximum457774009564104138154217258322
velocity7937740095346784124158175198233
of104177400954060
tricuspid1116774009523466396136163203220260
regurgitation;13917740095235696137160199215239277301317358399412
DT181877400955083
–1915774009540
deceleration197077400954074108141157192215253276293333375
time;235977400952440104138152
PASP252577400953979114151
–2690774009540
pulmonary27457740095408198161202243284307342
artery31027740095406389121145180
systolic32967740095286189113152169186219
pressure.35307740095406396124151191214247262